Dialogues and Criticism
1. Criticism of Newton and Kant
Newton saw space as a "sensorium Dei" (absolute container). Kant saw it as an "a priori form" of sensibility. OCE rejects both: space is neither a container nor a mental form, it is a product of matter.
"There is no stage before the gesture."
Pontos Robustos
- Agree with General Relativity (space-time is dynamic and affected by matter).
- Avoids dualism (there is no "space" vs "matter", there is only spatializing matter).
Reception Weaknesses
It's counterintuitive. Our minds have evolved to see space as an empty stage, so it's difficult to imagine "no space."
2. Dialogue with Leibniz
OCE recovers Leibniz's relational vision: space is the "order of co-existences". If there was only one object in the universe, there would be no space.
Key Differences
- Leibniz: The space is ideal (a mental relationship).
- OCE: Space is real and material (a physical relationship of forces).